Quality da yawa bakin karfe welded bututu
Bututun bakin karfe mai walda, wanda ake magana da shi a matsayin welded bututu a takaice, bututun karfe ne da aka yi amfani da shi da karfe ko tsiri da aka saba amfani da shi bayan kutsawa da kafa ta bangaren kuma ya mutu. Welded karfe bututu yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin sauki samar tsari, high samar da ya dace, da yawa iri da kuma bayani dalla-dalla da kasa kayan aiki zuba jari, amma ta general ƙarfin ne m fiye da na sumul karfe bututu.
Tun daga 1930s, tare da saurin ci gaba na ingantaccen tsiri ci gaba da mirgina samarwa da ci gaban walda da fasahar dubawa, ana ci gaba da haɓaka ingancin walda, nau'ikan da ƙayyadaddun bututun ƙarfe na welded sun kasance suna ƙaruwa, kuma bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi suna da haɓaka. an maye gurbinsu a fagage da yawa, musamman a bututun kayan aikin musayar zafi, bututun ado, bututun ruwa mai matsakaici da matsakaici, da sauransu.
Ƙananan diamita bakin karfe welded bututu ana samar da ci gaba akan layi. Girman kaurin bangon, mafi girman saka hannun jari na na'ura da kayan haɗin gwiwa, kuma ƙarancin tattalin arziki da aiki shine. Mafi ƙarancin kauri na bango shine, ƙananan ƙimar shigarwa-fitarwa zai kasance; Abu na biyu, tsarin samfurin yana ƙayyade fa'idodi da rashin amfaninsa. Gabaɗaya, bututun karfen da aka yi masa walda yana da madaidaici, kaurin bango iri ɗaya, haske mai tsayi a ciki da wajen bututun (hasken bututun ƙarfe wanda aka ƙaddara ta fuskar farantin karfe), kuma yana iya girma ba bisa ka'ida ba. Sabili da haka, yana tattare da tattalin arzikinta da kayan ado a cikin aikace-aikace na madaidaicin madaidaici, matsakaici da ƙananan ruwa.
316L bakin karfe welded bututu ne na asali bututu, don haka shi ma yana da yawa zama dole Manuniya na taurin, ciki har da da yawa sassa. Abubuwan da ke biyo baya game da alamun taurin 16L bakin karfe welded bututu. Dangane da hanyoyin gwaji daban-daban da iyakokin aikace-aikacen, za a iya raba taurin zuwa taurin Brinell, taurin Rockwell, taurin Vickers, taurin bakin teku, microhardness da taurin zafin jiki. Brinell, Rockwell da Vickers taurin yawanci ana amfani dashi don bututu.
1.Taurin Brinell (HB) danna ƙwallon ƙarfe ko simintin carbide ball tare da takamaiman diamita a cikin saman samfurin tare da ƙayyadadden ƙarfin gwaji (f), cire ƙarfin gwajin bayan ƙayyadadden lokacin riƙewa, auna diamita na shigarwa (L) akan samfurin. saman, kuma ƙimar taurin Brinell shine ƙima da aka samu ta hanyar rarraba ƙarfin gwajin ta wurin yanki mai siffar siffar indentation. An bayyana shi a cikin HBS (ball ball), naúrar ita ce n / mm2 (MPA), kuma tsarin lissafin shine kamar haka: F - ƙarfin gwajin da aka guga a cikin saman 316L bakin karfe welded bututu samfurin, N, D - diamita na karfe ball. don gwaji, MMD - daidaitaccen diamita na shigarwa, mm. Ƙaddamar da taurin Brinell ya fi daidai kuma abin dogara, amma gabaɗaya HBS ya dace da kayan ƙarfe da ke ƙasa da 450N / mm2 (MPA), ba don ƙarfe mai ƙarfi ba ko bakin karfe 316L bakin karfe welded bututu. A cikin 316L bakin karfe welded bututu, Brinell taurin ne mafi yadu amfani. Ana amfani da diamita na indentation D sau da yawa don bayyana taurin kayan, wanda yake da hankali da dacewa.
Misali, 120hbs10 / 1000130 yana nuna ƙimar taurin Brinell da aka auna ta amfani da ƙwallon ƙarfe diamita na 10mm ƙarƙashin aikin 1000kgf (9.807kn) ƙarfin gwajin 30s shine 120N / mm2 (MPA).
2.Rockwell hardness (HK) Gwajin taurin Rockwell, kamar gwajin taurin Brinell, hanya ce ta gwaji. Bambanci shi ne cewa yana auna zurfin shigar ciki, wato, a ƙarƙashin jerin jerin aikin gwajin Yong na farko (FO) da ƙarfin gwaji duka (f), danna maɓallin indenter (mazugi mai niƙa ko ƙwallon ƙarfe) a cikin samfurin saman, cire. Babban ƙarfin gwaji bayan ayyana lokacin riƙewa, da ƙididdige ƙimar taurin tare da ƙayyadaddun zurfin zurfin indentation (E). Ƙimar sa lambar da ba a san ta ba, tana wakilta ta alamar hr. Ma'aunin da aka yi amfani da shi sun haɗa da ma'auni 9 kamar, B, C, D, e, F, G, h da K. Ma'aunin da aka saba amfani da shi don gwajin taurin 316L bakin karfe welded bututu gabaɗaya a, B da C, watau HRA, HRB da HRC. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar taurin ta hanya mai zuwa: lokacin da ake amfani da sikelin a da C don gwaji, HR = 100-e. lokacin da ake amfani da sikelin B don gwaji, HR = 130-e. a cikin dabara, e -- ragowar indentation zurfin haɓaka, wanda aka nuna a cikin iyakacin iyaka na 0.002mm, wato, lokacin da ƙayyadaddun ƙaura na indenter ya kasance raka'a ɗaya (0.002mm), yana daidai da adadin taurin Rockwell. canje-canje.
